The present study focuses on a review of scientific literature upon structural and functional abnormalities of the insular cortex found in schizophrenic patients in order to emphasize links between the pathophysiology of this brain region and the symptomatology of schizophrenia.
From a review based upon journal articles published since 2002 and indexed into the Pubmed data base, we first studied the main findings on the function of the insular cortex and its involvement in the perception and representation of the body states, as it is one of the main neural substrates for the interoception sense. Then, we highlighted various structural abnormalities found in schizophrenic patients in order to study links existing between dysfunctions in the insular cortex and an altered perception of body states and of self-awareness in schizophrenia. Eventually, we studied the links emphasized between functional abnormalities of insula in schizophrenia and a positive symptomatology, especially auditory hallucinations.
arches do not allow to conclude with accuracy of a systematic correlation between psychopathology of schizophrenia and functional abnormalities of the insula, although it seems obvious to find a link between these psychopathological and neurobiological phenomena.Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a rare but possible complication of neuroaxial anesthesia. Damage to the nerve roots may occur due to compression, inflammation, stretching, direct trauma, spinal ischemia or neurotoxicity, usually with lidocaine or bupivacaine. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pexidartinib-plx3397.html We describe a case of a 33-year-old patient that underwent an uneventful cesarean section with a combined spinal-epidural technique anesthesia, with levobupivacaine. 48hours after the procedure, she presented diminished muscular strength and abolished osteotendinous reflexes in the left lower limb, limited flexion of the right hallux, urinary retention and saddle anesthesia. Imaging exams excluded hematoma, thickening or compression of the cauda equina nerve roots. CES was suspected and treatment was initiated. 9-month follow up revealed diminished osteotendinous reflexes on the left lower limb and perianal hypoesthesia. Despite being unusual, neurological complications require prompt recognition and management to avoid permanent damage.To analyze the bibliometric patterns of meta-approaches use in nursing research literature.
Descriptive, exploratory and historical bibliometrics analyses were used. The papers were harvested from the Web of Science Core Collection.
The search resulted in 2065 publications. The trends in using most individual meta approaches show that the use of meta-analysis is increasing exponentially, the use of meta-synthesis is increasing linearly, while the use of meta-ethnography is constant in last 6 years. Most productive countries were United States of America, United Kingdom and Peoples Republic of China. Most publications were published in the Journal of Advanced Nursing, International Journal of Nursing Studies, and Journal of Clinical Nursing. Twenty-seven percent of all publications were funded. Thirty-four meta approaches were identified.
The study revealed that the trend in the literature production is positive. Research community use of meta-approaches in nursing exhibit considerable growth. Regional concentration of literature production was observed.
The study revealed that the trend in the literature production is positive. Research community use of meta-approaches in nursing exhibit considerable growth. Regional concentration of literature production was observed.Nurse practitioners (NPs) and physicians serve in both usual source of care (USC) and supplement roles to each other in the provision of primary care to patients. Yet little is known about the care that patients receive from providers in these roles. This study examined the care individuals received when NPs and physicians served in USC and supplemental roles.
Pooled data from the Household Component of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 2002-2013.
Cross-sectional, secondary data analysis using propensity score matching and multinomial logistic regression.
Data were collected from a national subsample of households.
Regardless of provider role, patients reported receiving more therapeutic or preventive care from NPs but more diagnostic care and biomedical treatments from physicians. Patients reported having similar diagnoses when seen by NPs and physicians serving in USC roles, but different diagnoses when NPs and physicians served in supplemental roles.
NPs and physicians providing different care when serving in the same role. Findings can inform policy-makers as they develop policies for serving patients and utilizing the relevant expertise of NPs and physicians.
NPs and physicians providing different care when serving in the same role. Findings can inform policy-makers as they develop policies for serving patients and utilizing the relevant expertise of NPs and physicians.Cardiac rehabilitation has the highest level of recognition in medical guideline references, however there are still little-explored training modalities. We study the effects of an interdisciplinary program after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in phase II secondary prevention.
Between January 2008 and December 2018, 439 patients with stable ischemic heart disease and preserved systolic function were included, as maximum 2 month after the ACS. A combined aerobic resistance training program in a variable continuous method and muscle toning with overload and/or ballast was applied, in addition to nutritional counseling and psychological-educational therapy for 12 weeks.
378 patients finished. The functional capacity increases in the incremental stress test (1.76 METS; CI95% 1.59-1.96, p&lt;0.001) and in the six minutes walking test (32.58m; CI95% 29.24-35.92, p&lt;0.001). Leisure physical activity in IPAQ increased (763.27min/week; CI95% 583.31-943.16, p&lt;0.001) and the time sitting during the week decreased (-28.85min/day; CI95% -43.94 to -13.77, p&lt;0.001). Also, eating habits improved in PREDIMED (2.58units; CI95% 1.43-3.73, p&lt;0.001), decreased body weight (-0.88kg; CI95% -1.26 to -0.49, p&lt;0.001), the abdominal perimeter (1.57cm; CI95% 2.23-0.90, p&lt;0.001) and adipose tissue (-0.80%; CI95% -1.10 to -0.51, p&lt;0.001).
An interdisciplinary program with high intensity variable continuous training combined with dynamic muscle toning increases functional capacity, the level of physical activity, improves body composition and eating habits in ACS patients.
An interdisciplinary program with high intensity variable continuous training combined with dynamic muscle toning increases functional capacity, the level of physical activity, improves body composition and eating habits in ACS patients.